Komercijalni HVAC sustavi:odabir najbolje opreme za hlađenje i grijanje za vašu zgradu

Komercijalni HVAC sustavi ključni su aspekt svake zgrade. Održavanje temperature, vlažnosti, kvaliteta zraka i još mnogo toga ovisi o dobrom funkcioniranju HVAC sustava. Ako ne uspije, možete se suočiti s nesretnim gubitkom prihoda, popravaka i klijentele. Zbog toga je iznimno važno održavati ove sustave dobro održavanima i funkcionalnima tijekom cijele godine.

Zbog svoje velike veličine, komercijalni sustavi grijanja i hlađenja mogu biti složeni i teško razumljivi. Ovdje je jednostavan pregled svega što trebate znati kako biste komercijalne klima-uređaje održavali u izvrsnom stanju!

Ključne komponente komercijalnih HVAC sustava

Postoji nekoliko različitih vrsta komercijalnih sustava grijanja i hlađenja, ali svi oni imaju sljedeće bitne komponente:

1. Jedinica klima uređaja

Ovaj dio komercijalnog HVAC sustava odgovoran je za snižavanje ili podizanje temperature unutar zgrade radeći s drugim podsustavima.

2. Uređaj za obradu zraka

Uređaj za obradu zraka ispuhuje ohlađeni ili zagrijani zrak u zgradi i zatim vraća zrak natrag u sustav. Ima zavojnice isparivača koji sadrže rashladno sredstvo i puhalo.

3. Kompresor

Ovo je vrlo važan dio HVAC sustava. Mijenja volumen, gustoću i temperaturu rashladnog sredstva.

4. Kondenzator

Kondenzator prima rashladno sredstvo iz kompresora i pretvara ga u tekućinu. Služi kao izmjenjivač topline HVAC sustava. Kada hladi, izbacuje toplinu iz vaše zgrade, a kada grije, prikuplja toplinu izvana.

5. Toplinski ekspanzijski ventil

Ovo hladi tekuće rashladno sredstvo koje se pumpa natrag u zavojnice.

6. Terminalne jedinice

Ove jedinice kontroliraju količinu zraka koja ulazi u svaku zonu kroz kanale. Imaju i filtre za zrak koji štite zrak od prljavštine i krhotina.

7. Termostat

Signalizira vašem HVAC sustavu da proizvodi hladan ili vruć zrak na temelju postavljenog raspona temperature. Komercijalne zgrade mogu imati nekoliko termostata instaliranih u različitim prostorijama.

8. Razvod kanala

Većina komercijalnih jedinica s kanalima ima sustav kanala koji pomaže u distribuciji klimatiziranog zraka kroz zgradu.

9. Hladnjaci

Ovo su rashladni elementi velike komercijalne HVAC jedinice. Hladnjaci uklanjaju toplinu iz tekućine koja prolazi kroz cijevi u zgradi. Neke HVAC jedinice imaju rashladne uređaje hlađene zrakom, dok druge imaju rashladne uređaje hlađene vodom.

Vrste komercijalnih HVAC sustava

Postoji nekoliko opcija za odabir komercijalnog sustava grijanja i hlađenja. Svaka vrsta ima svoje prednosti i nedostatke, stoga je važno razmotriti svoje specifične potrebe prije nego što se odlučite. Može biti prilično zbunjujuće zabilježiti sve pojedinosti, pa je uvijek dobro razgovarati sa stručnjakom nakon što suzite svoje mogućnosti. Pogledajmo detaljno sve vrste komercijalnih klima uređaja:

1. Zapakiran klima uređaj

Komercijalni pakirani klima-uređaj sličan je prozorskom klima-uređaju, ali je mnogo veći. Ove komercijalne klimatizacijske jedinice imaju veći kapacitet grijanja i hlađenja koji se kreće od 3 do 15 tona.

Pakirani klima uređaji imaju dizajn sve u jednom koji sadrži kondenzator, kompresor, ventilokonvektor i isparivač. Obično se postavljaju vani ili na krovove u zgradama kao što su domovi za starije osobe, bolnice i stanovi. Kondicionirani zrak širi se kroz zgradu mrežom kanala skrivenih u stropu.

PREDNOSTI	PROTIV
Niski troškovi instalacije	Ograničen životni vijek
Zahtjevi za jednostavno održavanje	Visoki troškovi rashladnog sredstva
Tihi rad	Visoka osjetljivost na začepljene zračne filtre

2. Split sustav

As the name suggests, a split system has two parts; an indoor and an outdoor unit. Commercial split air conditioners further have two types:

• Single-Split System

This is an affordable, energy-efficient commercial heating and cooling option for small buildings, cafes, server rooms, or shops. They are ideal for individual room cooling but can be used in combinations to condition multiple rooms. However, because each air conditioning unit needs a separate outdoor unit, this clutters the external space of the building.

PROS	CONS
Ideal for small spaces	Multiple outdoor units clutter the space
Energy efficient	Not suitable for large buildings
Can be used as an additional source of air conditioning
Less expensive to install

• Multi-Split System

In a multi-split system, one outdoor unit operates multiple inside indoor units. These systems require extensive pipework and, if not installed properly, can reduce the efficiency of your system.

Multi-split system is better suited for medium-sized buildings like restaurants or retail shops.

PROS	CONS
It takes up less space	Higher installation cost
Preserves the building’s external appearance	Lots of pipework is needed
Ductwork isn’t required	Not suitable for small commercial spaces

3. Heat Pump

A heat pump heats or cools a building by transferring heat outside in the summers and inside in the winters. Since heat pumps do not generate heat, they can efficiently maintain comfortable temperatures. However, they’re not suitable in areas with extreme climate conditions.

Heat pumps can be ducted as well as ductless. Ducted heat pumps are suitable for larger areas but require extensive ductwork. Ductless heat pumps are ideal for supplemental or individual room cooling.

PROS	CONS
Most energy efficient	Not suitable for colder climates below 40 degrees
Require less maintenance	Installing/cleaning ducts can be a hassle
Do not produce carbon monoxide
Great for large and medium-sized buildings
Quick installation if ductwork is installed

4. Variable Refrigerant Flow (VRF) or Variable Refrigerant Volume (VRV)

VRF or VRV is a ductless system that uses the minimum energy to attain the required temperature. It varies the refrigerant volume to match the precise requirements of a building. If the system requires more cooling, more refrigerant will enter the pipes. Because of varied compressor speed and no duct involvement, these units are considered much more efficient than the traditional HVAC units. Its mechanism results in lower energy costs and the long-term sustainability of the unit.

PROS	CONS
Saves energy bills	Expensive equipment
Suitable for spaces with variable cooling or heating requirements	Takes a lot of space
Better humidity and temperature control	Backup condenser is required in case of a malfunction

Make Any Commercial Cooling &Heating Equipment Smart

Maintaining a consistent temperature throughout your building while considering the different needs of the inhabitants can be quite challenging and time-consuming. But not if you pair your commercial HVAC system with a smart thermostat (for ducted) or a smart AC controller (for ductless).

These smart devices allow you to automate your building’s climate. You can set schedules and have different settings for different days of the week. Moreover, you can create zones and set customizable temperature regions within the building.

With all the next-gen features like temperature/humidity-based triggers, geofencing, usage history, and much more, you can save up to 25% on energy bills.

How to Choose a Suitable Commercial HVAC System?

When it comes to choosing an air conditioning unit for commercial use, the following factors are important to consider:

• Building design
• Energy efficiency
• Climate conditions
• Air quality

The first step is to determine the heating and cooling requirements of the space. This will vary depending on the type of business and the number of people that occupy the building.

Next, consider the building’s energy efficiency. In general, newer buildings are better insulated and require less energy to heat and cool. However, older buildings can often be retrofitted with energy-efficient windows, doors, and insulation.

Climate conditions are also an important consideration. For example, mini-splits won’t work when heat waves hit if the building is in an extremely hot and humid climate.

Finally, air quality is another important factor to consider. Indoor air quality can be affected by a number of factors, including off-gassing from building materials, cleaning products, and office equipment. To ensure proper airflow and filtration, it’s important to choose an HVAC system that is sized appropriately for the space and ventilation needs.

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Is Commercial Building HVAC System Maintenance Worth the Expense?

A typical commercial building HVAC system is a complex network of air conditioning components, including air ducts, air filters, coils, and blowers. To keep this system running smoothly, it is important to perform regular maintenance.

Usually, commercial HVAC maintenance may be too costly, but it saves a lot in the long run. For example, regular maintenance can extend the durability of your equipment. Additionally, properly maintained HVAC systems tend to have lower operating costs, so you’ll save money on your energy bills each month. Finally, regular maintenance can help ensure the comfort of your tenants or customers by keeping the temperature and humidity always at a comfortable level. When you weigh all the factors, it’s clear that investing in maintenance for your commercial HVAC system is a thrifty decision.

Here are the most important things to tick off your regular HVAC maintenance list:

• Inspect air filters and clean or replace them as needed
• Clean the condenser and evaporator lines
• Check for blockages in the air ducts
• Inspect the drain lines to ensure they’re not clogged
• Test the thermostat readings to make sure it’s accurate

Additionally, follow these detailed commercial HVAC maintenance tips to ensure your system runs smoothly and efficiently throughout the year.

How Do Commercial Air Conditioners Differ From Residential Systems?

When it comes to climate control, commercial HVAC systems are in a class of their own. These heavy-duty systems are designed to cool or heat large spaces quickly and efficiently.

Here’s a closer look at some of the key ways that commercial units differ from residential HVAC systems.

	Commercial HVAC System	Residential HVAC System
Size	Larger	Smaller
Operating Power	More powerful	Less powerful
Placement	Roofs or utility rooms	Inside homes
Cost	Less expensive	More expensive
Maintenance	Requires less maintenance	High maintenance
Drainage	Complex	Simple

Commercial HVAC systems are a vital part of any business, and it’s important to understand the different types and how they work before making a purchase. By considering factors such as size, usage, and climate, you can choose the best system for your needs and ensure that your employees or customers stay comfortable all year long. Maintenance is important for any commercial air conditioner, but the cost-benefit analysis can be tricky. However, carrying out regular AC tune-ups can save you money in the long run.